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In other words, it's a bet. .
The reverse is also correct. If computational power is taken from this network, the difficulty adjusts downward to make mining simpler. .
"Say I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they simply must be the very first person to figure any number that's less than or equal to this number I am thinking of.
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"Let's say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they lose because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .
"Now imagine that I pose the'imagine what number I am thinking of' question, however I am not asking just three friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I am asking millions of prospective miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely hard to guess the right answer." .
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If 1 in seven trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here's the catch to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners need to come up with the right hash, but they also must be the first to do it.
Since bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has almost everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Only a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be carried out competitively on normal desktops. Over time, however, miners recognized that pictures cards commonly used for video games were more capable of mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the game.
These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands. .
Nowadays, bitcoin mining is so competitive it can only be done profitably using the latest up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older versions of ASICs, the expense of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one computer is seldom enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools" .
An mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computing ability and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately high number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion chances, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is confirmed roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain every 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, however, the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions which can be processed in 10 minutes.
This issue check here at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. Even though bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done to deal with scaling, there is less consensus about how can it. At the time of writing, there are two major solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to lower the amount of data needed to verify each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that every block can save.
Solution 2 would deal with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed each 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing roughly 80% to 90% of the networks computing electricity required to incorporate a program that would decrease the amount of data needed to confirm each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.
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The program that miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is called a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures from a block and attach them as an extended block.